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Noam Chomsky on War & Peace

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Hamas won the 2006 Palestinian elections

Despite the harsh US-Israeli punishment of Gaza, and flooding the West Bank's Fatah-led government with a diplomatic and economic support to persuade Palestinians in both territories to embrace Fatah and isolate Hamas, the opposite is happening: Hamas's popularity is increasing in the West Bank. Hamas won Palestinian elections in 2006, prompting the Israeli government and the Bush administration to lead a world-wide boycott of the Palestinian Authority. The goal, unconcealed, is to punish the miscreants who fail to grasp the essential principle of democracy: Do what we say, or else.

It is important not to overlook the fact that the US-Israel operate is tandem. Israel relies crucially on US military, economic, diplomatic, and ideological support. It will proceed as far as the US allows. Its criminal actions are US crimes.

In response to the unfortunate free elections of Jan. 2006, US-Israeli punishment of the people of Gaza is sharply increased, peaking with many killing in early June.

Source: Hopes and Prospects, by Noam Chomsky, p.145-146 , Jun 1, 2010

Iranian nukes are recognized as their right by most of world

The goal of a Middle East nuclear weapons-free zone has been endorsed by Iran, and is supported by a large majority of Americans and Iranians. It is, however, dismissed by the US government and both political parties, and it is hard to find even a mentio in mainstream discussion despite the intense focus on the alleged threat of Iranian nuclear weapons program. The developing countries (G-77, now more than 130), agree that Iran has the "inalienable rights" of all parties to the Non-Proliferation Treaty "to develop research, production, and use of nuclear energy for peaceful purposes without discrimination," rights that would also extend to US allies Israel, Pakistan, and India were they to accept the NPT. When Washington and the media assert tha Iran is defying "the world" by enriching uranium, they are defining "the world" to be Washington and whoever happens to agree with it at the moment. By definition, Washington is part of the world. London too, almost always.
Source: Hopes and Prospects, by Noam Chomsky, p.169 , Jun 1, 2010

Disallow Israeli settlements by discontinuing US funding

The Obama-Clinton formulation repeats the Bush administration draft of the 2003 Roadmap: "Israel freezes all settlement activity (including natural growth of settlements)." All sides formally accept the Roadmap, overlooking the fact the Israel, with US support, at once added 14 "reservations" that render it inoperable.

If Obama were at all serious about opposing settlement expansions, he could easily proceed with concrete measures, for example, by reducing US aid by the amount devoted to this purpose That would hardly be a radical or courageous move. The Bush I administration did so (reducing loan guarantees), but after the Oslo accord in 1993, Pres. Clinton left calculations to the government of Israel. Unsurprisingly, there was no change in the expenditures flowing to the settlements.

An Obama administration official informed the press that the Bush I measures are "not under discussion," and the pressures will be "largely symbolic." In short, Obama understands, just as Clinton and Bush II did

Source: Hopes and Prospects, by Noam Chomsky, p.187-190 , Jun 1, 2010

Iraq was necessary first example of preventive war doctrine

The Bush administration’s declaration of the grand strategy of preventive war was rightly understood to be an ominous step in world affairs. It is not enough, however, for a great power to declare an official policy. It must go on to establish the policy as a new norm of international law by carrying out exemplary actions.

Accordingly, as the new strategy was announced, the war drums began to beat to rouse public enthusiasm for an attack on Iraq. The target of preventive war must have several characteristics:

  1. It must be virtually defenseless.
  2. It must be important enough to be worth the trouble.
  3. There must be a way to portray it as the ultimate evil and an imminent threat to our survival.
Iraq qualified on all counts. The first two conditions are obvious. The third is easy to establish. It is only necessary to repeat the impassioned orations of Bush, Blair, and their colleagues, such as Bush’s eloquent denunciation of Saddam in his January 2003 State of the Union address.
Source: Hegemony or Survival, by Noam Chomsky, p. 16-17 , Oct 1, 2003

Anyone threatened by Iraq can approach UN Security Council

There are legitimate ways to react to the many threats to world peace. If Iraq’s neighbors feel threatened, they can approach the Security Council to authorize a appropriate measures to respond to the threat. If the United States and Britain feel threatened, they can do the same. But no state has the authority to make its own determinations on these matters and to act as it chooses; the United States and Britain would have no such authority even if their own hands were clean, hardly the case.
Source: Acts Of Aggression, by Noam Chomsky, p. 16 , Jul 2, 2002

UN authorizing US force in Iraq allows Iran to use force

Suppose that the Security Council were to authorize the use of force to punish Iraq for violating the cease-fire UN Resolution 687. That authorization would apply to all states: for example, to Iran, which would therefore be entitled to invade southern Iraq to sponsor a rebellion.

Iran is a neighbor and victim of U.S.-backed Iraqi aggression and chemical warfare, and could claim, not implausibly, that its invasion would have some local support; the United States and Britain can make no such claim.

Such Iranian actions, if imaginable, would never be tolerated, but would be far less outrageous than the plans of the self appointed enforcers. It is hard to imagine such elementary observations entering public discussion in the United States and Britain.

Source: Acts of Aggression, by Noam Chomsky, p. 23 , Jul 2, 2002

Iraq: Sanctions kill children

The United States and Britain are now engaged in a deadly form of biological warfare in Iraq. The destruction of infrastructure and banning of imports to repair it has caused disease, malnutrition, and early death on a huge scale, including 567,000 children by 1995, according to U.N. investigations; UNICEF reports 4,500 children dying a month in 1996.

In a bitter condemnation of the sanctions (January 20, 1998), 54 Catholic Bishops quoted the Archbishop of the southern region of Iraq, who reports that “epidemics rage, taking away infants and the sick by the thousands.”

The United States and Britain have taken the lead in blocking aid programs--for example, delaying approval for ambulances on the grounds that they could be used to transport troops, barring insecticides to prevent spread of disease and spare parts for sanitation systems.

Source: Acts of Aggression, by Noam Chomsky, p. 42-43 , Jul 2, 2002

CIA created Osama bin Laden & fostered fanaticism

Q: Why do you think these attacks happened?

A: To answer your question a sensible person would try to ascertain Bin Laden’s views, and the sentiments of the large reservoir of supporters he has throughout the region. Bin Laden became a militant Islamic leader in the war to drive the Russians out of Afghanistan. He was one of the many religious fundamentalist extremists recruited, armed, and financed by the CIA and their allies in Pakistani intelligence to cause maximal harm to the Russians-quite possibly delaying their withdrawal-though whether he personally happened to have direct contact with the CIA is unclear, and not particularly important. Not surprisingly, the CIA preferred the most fanatic and cruel fighters they could mobilize. The end result was to “destroy a moderate regime and create a fanatical one, from groups recklessly financed by the Americans” (according to London Times correspondent Simon Jenkins).

Source: Interview on Radio B92, Belgrade , Sep 18, 2001

Islamic hatred based on US support for repressive regimes

Q: [Why did bin Laden pick the US as a target?]

A: Bin Laden is bitterly opposed to the corrupt and repressive regimes of the region, which he regards as “un-Islamic,” including the Saudi Arabian regime, a close US ally since its origins. Bin Laden despises the US for its support of these regimes. Like others in the region, he is also outraged by long-standing US support for Israel’s brutal military occupation, now in its 35th year: And like others, he contrasts Washington’s dedicated support for these crimes with the decade-long US-British assault against the civilian population of Iraq, which has devastated the society and caused hundreds of thousands of deaths while strengthening Saddam Hussein. These sentiments are very widely shared, [even among] wealthy and privileged Muslims in the Gulf region. Among the great majority of people suffering deep poverty and oppression, similar sentiments are far more bitter, and are the source of the fury and despair that has led to suicide bombings.

Source: Interview on Radio B92, Belgrade , Sep 18, 2001

Stop the escalating cycle of violence

Q: Do you expect [Sept.11] to profoundly change US policy?

A: Bin Laden and others like him are praying for “a great assault on Muslim states,” which will cause “fanatics to flock to his cause.” The escalating cycle of violence is typically welcomed by the harshest and most brutal elements on both sides.

The initial response was to call for intensifying the policies that led to the terrorist attack: increased militarization, domestic regimentation, attack on social programs. Terror attacks, and the escalating cycle of violence they often engender, tend to reinforce the authority and prestige of the most harsh and repressive elements of a society.

If the rich and powerful choose to keep to their traditions of hundreds of years and resort to extreme violence, they will contribute to the escalation of a cycle of violence. Of course, that is by no means inevitable. An aroused public within the more free & democratic societies can direct policies towards a much more humane and honorable course.

Source: Interview on Radio B92, Belgrade , Sep 18, 2001

US chartered UN & must follow UN decisions on Iraq

The debate over the Iraq crisis kept within rigid bounds that excluded the obvious answer: the US and UK should act in accord with their laws and treaty obligations. The relevant legal framework is formulated in the Charter of the United Nations, which is recognized as the foundation of international law and world order, and which under the US Constitution is “the supreme law of the land.” The Charter states that “The Security Council shall determine the existence of any threat to the peace, breach of peace, or act of aggression, and shall make recommendations, or decide what measures shall be taken.“

There are legitimate ways to react to the many threats to world peace. If Iraq’s neighbors feel threatened, they can approach the Security Council to authorize appropriate measures to respond to the threat. If the US and Britain feel threatened, they can do the same. But no state has the authority to make its own determinations on these matters and to act as it chooses.

Source: Acts of Aggression, by Noam Chomsky, p. 15-16 , Jul 2, 1999

Nicaragua: US destroyed Sandanistas & real hope for reform

    The hatred that was elicited by the Sandanistas for trying to direct resources to the poor (and even succeeding at it) [was the basis for] the US launching a three-fold attack against Nicaragua.
  1. We exerted extreme pressure to compel the World Bank to terminate all projects and assistance.
  2. We launched the contra war along with an illegal economic war to terminate what Oxfam rightly called “the threat of a good example.”
  3. We used diplomatic fakery to crush Nicaragua. The US virutally tripled CIA supply flights to the contras, and within a few months the peace plan and [a fair] election campaign were totally dead.
US achievements in Central America in the past 15 years are a major tragedy, not just because of the appalling human cost, but because a decade ago there were prospects for real progress toward meaningful democracy and meeting human needs. These efforts might have worked and might have taught useful lessons-which if course was exactly what US planners feared.
Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 43-46 , Jan 13, 1991

Vietnam War about destroying “virus” of independence from US

Ho Chi Minh led the national movement of Vietnam. There was fear in the US that the Viet Minh might succeed, in which case “the rot would spread” and the “virus” would “infect” the region, to adopt the language the planners used year after year. What do you do when you have a virus? First you destroy it, then you inoculate potential victims, so that the disease does not spread. That’s basically the US strategy in the Third World. If possible, it’s advisable to have the local military destroy the virus for you. If they can’t, you have to move your own forces in. Vietnam was one of those places where we had to do it.

Right into the late 1960s, the US blocked all attempts at political settlement of the conflict, even those advanced by Saigon generals. If there were a political settlement, there might be progress toward successful development outside our influence-an unacceptable outcome.

The US did achieve its major objective in Indochina. Our basic goal was to destroy the virus.

Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 56-60 , Jan 13, 1991

Israeli nukes should preclude foreign aid

Israel is the only country in the Mideast with nuclear weapons. But “Israeli nuclear weapons” is a phrase that can’t be written or uttered by an official US government source. That phrase would raise the question of why all aid to Israel is not illegal, since foreign aid legislation from 1977 bars funds to any country that secretly develops nuclear weapons.
Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 65 , Jan 13, 1991

Gulf War: US refused diplomacy & forced violence in Iraq

The US was concerned that the energy resources of the Middle East remain under our control, and that the enormous profits they produce help support the US.

The US also reinforced its dominant position, and taught the lesson that the world is to be ruled by force. Washington proceeded to maintain “stability,” barring any threat of democratic change in the Gulf tyrannies and lending tacit support to Saddam Hussein as he crushed the popular uprising of the Shi’ites in the South.

Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 67-68 , Jan 13, 1991

Panama: Noriega’s crime was independence, not drugs

The US government knew that Noriega was involved in drug trafficking since 1972. But he stayed on the CIA payroll. Yet, when Noriega was finally indicted in 1988, all the charges except one were related to activities that took place before 1984- back when he was our boy, helping with the US war against Nicaragua, stealing elections and generally serving US interests.

It’s all predictable. A tyrant crosses the line from friend to villain when he commits the crime of independence. One mistake is to go beyond robbing the poor and to start interfering with the privileged. By the mid-1980s, Noriega was guilty of these crimes. He seems to have been dragging his feet about helping the US in the contra war. His independence also threatened our interests in the Panama Canal. Since we could no longer trust Noriega to do our bidding, he had to go.

Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 51-52 , Jan 13, 1991

Gulf War had nothing to do with principles

When Iraq invaded Kuwait in 1990, the US government-media told us that Iraq’s aggression was a unique crime and merited a harsh reaction. “America stands against aggression, against those who would use force to replace the rule of law”- so we were informed by President Bush. The media and the educated classes repeated the lines.

Second, these same authorities proclaimed in a litany that the UN was now at last functioning as it was designed to. They claimed this was impossible before the end of the Cold War.

The US wasn’t upholding any high principle in the Gulf. The reason for the response to Saddam Hussein was because he stepped on the wrong toes. Hussein is a murderous gangster- exactly as he was before the war, when he was our friend and trading partner. His invasion of Kuwait was an atrocity, but well within the range of many similar crimes conducted by the US and allies and nowhere near as terrible as some.

Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 60-61 , Jan 13, 1991

Peace process ignores non-US-approved efforts

Take the term peace process. The na‹ve might think that it refers to efforts to seek peace. Under this meaning, we would say that the peace process in the Middle East includes the offer of a full peace treaty to Israel by Sadat of Egypt, along lines advocated by the entire world, including official US policy; the Security Council resolution of January, 1976 introduced by major Arab states with the backing of the PLO, which called for a two state-settlement; PLO offers to negotiate with Israel for mutual recognition; and annual votes at the UN General Assembly calling for an international conference on the problem.

The peace process is restricted to US initiatives, which call for a unilateral US-determined settlement with no recognition of Palestinian rights. That’s the way it works.

Source: What Uncle Sam Really Wants, by Noam Chomsky, p. 88-89 , Jan 13, 1991

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